Project: MLMMI 01-01-14
Objective
To determine the effect of feeding micronized pea-based diets with or without enzyme supplementation on nitrogen and phosphorous utilization and pig manure characteristics (e.g. manure volume, levels of odour-causing compounds etc.)
Performer
C.M. Nyachoti,
University of Manitoba
Details
Status: Completed
Started: 2001-08-01
Completed: 2002-11-29
Funding Partners: who have contributed to MLMMI in support of this project:
Manitoba Pork Council and industry groups - $29,295
Amount Funded: $29,295.00
Performer Funded: $15,100.00
Total Cost: $44,395.00
Activity
First interim report received Nov 5/01
Second Progress Report received Feb. 2/02
Third interim report received May 6/02
Final report due August 1, 2002.
Request for extension to Dec. 1/02 granted
Final Report Received Nov 29/02
Summary
Nutrient excretion in pig manure and the total amount of manure excreted by pigs presents major challenges to the swine industry and threatens future growth and development of the industry. This is because; excessive nutrient excretion (particularly nitrogen and phosphorus) is implicated in environmental pollution while the large volume of manure increases the cost of handling and disposal. Of the many strategies that could be used to address these challenges, nutritional manipulation strategies have been suggested to provide the most effective means. The potential to use micronization (high intensity infrared heating) and enzyme supplementation to reduce nitrogen and phosphorus excretion and manure output from growing pigs fed barley-peas-based diets was investigated in the research project reported herein. The micronization procedure and enzyme supplementation have been reported to increase nutrient utilization in some studies with both poultry and pigs but their value in mitigating nutrient and manure excretion is poorly understood. In this project, three experiments were completed. The effect of micronization on indicators (lysine availability, starch gelatinization, and water extract viscosity) of nutritional value was assessed in Experiment 1. The results showed that micronizing peas at 110-115 C and a moisture content of 25% substantially improved indicators of the nutritive value of peas for pigs and that storage time (up to 6 weeks) had no effect on the composition of dried micronized peas. In Experiments 2 and 3, nitrogen and phosphorus excretion and manure output were determined; ileal and fecal digestibilities of nutrients were determined in Experiment 3 only. Fecal phosphorus excretion was reduced by 27% and 17%, respectively, when pigs were fed diets containing micronized peas with or without enzyme supplementation in Experiment 2. Overall, including micronized peas in pig grower diets reduced total (feces plus urine) phosphorus excretion by 16%. Total nitrogen excretion was reduced by approximately 20% in the two experiments. Enzyme supplementation substantially increased total tract phosphorus digestibly and both micronization and enzyme supplementation substantially improved ileal amino acid digestibilities in the barley-pea based diets. The findings of the current project clearly indicate that the two strategies tested, namely micronization and enzyme supplementation, are useful tools for mitigating environmental concerns associated with pork production. They should be investigated further to optimize their usefulness.